The following extracts from the handbook Technology of Indian Milk
Products would be of interest to Extension Workers.
Section 1.1 - Modernization Opens Global Markets
Table 1.1.6 Value and volume of output of the organized dairy sector,
2001 (Pg 8)
|
| Product |
Volume
(in million tonnes)
|
Rate
(Rs '000/tonne)
|
Value
(Rs billion)
|
|
| Liquid milk |
6
|
12
|
72
|
| Branded mithais |
0.4
|
100
|
40
|
| Branded ghee |
0.15
|
110
|
16
|
Western products:
Milk powders* |
0.35
|
80
|
28
|
| Cheese |
0.01
|
150
|
2
|
| Ice cream (million litres) |
150
|
50/litre
|
8
|
| Butter |
0.04
|
120
|
4
|
| Total |
|
|
170 ($3.4 billion)
|
|
*Includes Baby Food, SMP, WMP, Dairy Whitener,
etc.
Section 1.3: Dairy and Livestock Production Statistics
Table 1.3.4 Trends in India's annual milk production and its per capita
availability, 1960-2010 (Pg 34)
|
Year
|
Milk production
|
Per capita availability
________________________
|
| |
(million tonnes)
|
kg/year
|
grams/day
|
|
| 1960 |
20.0
|
45
|
124
|
| 1970 |
22.2
|
42
|
114
|
| 1980 |
31.6
|
47
|
128
|
| 1990 |
53.9
|
65
|
178
|
| 1995 |
66.2
|
72
|
197
|
| 1996 |
69.1
|
74
|
202
|
| 1997 |
71.9
|
76
|
207
|
| 1998 |
75.2
|
78
|
213
|
| 1999 |
78.1
|
78
|
214
|
| 2000 |
81.0
|
80
|
219
|
| 2001 (Estimated) |
84.6
|
82
|
226
|
| 2005 (Projected) |
98.30
|
89
|
243
|
| 2010 (Projected) |
119.60
|
100
|
275
|
|
Source: Department of Animal Husbandry &
Dairying, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India.
Section 4.1: Production Planning and Implementation
Production Planning and Implementation (Pg 217 - 218)
The feasibility study is essential for implementation of such a
project. It should cover capital investment on land, building, equipment,
infrastructure, working capital, manufacturing and marketing cost,
and financial projections to work out the viability of the project.
Once its viability is established, a detailed project report should
include the following ten steps for project planning and implementation:
First Step: Appoint a consultant to plan the project in
relation to the proposed market, design the dairy plant, and select
an architect and a structural consultant. Prepare tender documents
for civil works and plant equipment.
Second Step: After quantifying the product mix, work out
the process flow diagram showing the material balances.
Third Step: Formulate dairy plant specifications. The proposed
design should include:
- Space required (Floor Area).
- List the equipment, their specifications and
capacities.
- Prepare the plant layout, including process,
service and storage.
- Provide for service requirements…
Fourth Step: Prepare for plant construction by attending
to the following:
- Selection of the site;
- Survey the availability of essential services
like water, electricity, all-weather road, communications, etc;
and,
- Tender for civil works, equipment supply
and installation, and the subsequent award of contracts.
Fifth Step: Formulate the marketing plans for design of brand
name, logo, packaging, procurement of packaging and labelling materials.
Appointment of core staff, including plant manager, administration
and marketing personnel.
Sixth Step: Arrange for sanctions/approvals/clearances by
the Central/State/local statutory authorities.
Seventh Step: Coordinate the civil construction work with
the suppliers for timely installation of the dairy equipment and
machinery.
Eighth Step: Complete the civil construction to the stage
when equipment can be installed.
Ninth Step: Select and appoint supervisors and the operating
staff. Erection, installation and commissioning of the plant and
machinery.
Tenth Step: Place the products in the market through well-established
marketing channels.
The techno-economic feasibility study is presented in four parts:
Part I: Investment opportunities;
Part II: Plan for product manufacturing;
Part III: Development of plant layout; and,
Part IV: Cleaning and sanitization.
Figure 4.1.6 Mass Balance for production
of pasteurized/ultrapasteurized lassi
(Pg 242)
Investment Opportunities (Pg
219)
A project for factory-scale production
of traditional milk products becomes viable with the milk processing
capacity of at least 20,000 litres per day (lpd).
For products manufacture, procurement of good quality raw milk in
desired quantity should be assured. The milk collection has to be
in tune with the products' manufacture schedule.
An integrated milk products plant should have a minimum milk handling
capacity of 20,000 litres per day. It will entail a capital investment
of about Rs 50 million. Its annual turnover would range between RS
150 and 200 million, depending on the product mix. The estimated capital
investment on plant and equipment would be about RS 41 million and
on the building RS 13 million, taking the total investment to RS 54
million. However, it could be brought down to RS 38 million or increased
to RS 81 million, depending on the type of packaging machines installed
in the plant, and whether it is an independent entity or extension
of an existing liquid milk plant. For example, an imported cup-filling
machine of capacity 2,400 to 3,000 cups/hour costs RS 7.5 million.
On the other hand, a locally manufactured filling machine of capacity
1,500 cups/hour costs about RS 700,000. An imported form-fill-and-seal
(FFS) machine costs around RS 36 million. Thus, the packaging machinery
can alone cost as much as 50 per cent of the cost of the plant and
equipment. Reconditioned machines are now allowed to be imported in
the country and their cost could be less than 50 per cent of the cost
of new machines.
Order the handbook. Have queries? Contact
us.
E-mail:
mail@indianmilkproducts.com
|
| A
Wide Scope |
The scope of this handbook
extends to Food Engineering and Technology, Agriculture Economics
& Statistics, Nutrition,
Agribusiness Entrepreneurship and Rural Technology. |
|
